The angle measured from the positive real axis, of the line drawn from the origin through the point representing zL equal . All the circles are centered at the origin and their radii vary from 0 to 1.Ģ.
The value of the r-circle passing through the point Pm on negative real axis is numerically equal to the 1/Sġ. The value of the r-circle passing through the point PM is numerically equal to the standing wave ratio
Z L R0 e j Z L R0 The normalized load impedance can be written as In a lossless transmission line, the voltage reflection coefficient is defined as